Understanding typical and atypical speech and language development helps parents and professionals identify when a child may need support, and what kind of support will be most effective.
Speech and language development follows a general timeline in typically developing children. Knowing these milestones — and understanding how autism often alters the path — is essential for parents and caregivers seeking to support their child's communication.
Typical Milestones
- 12 months: 1–2 words, responds to name, waves bye-bye
- 18 months: 10–20 words, points to show interest
- 24 months: 50+ words, 2-word combinations ("more juice")
- 36 months: 3-word sentences, strangers can understand 75% of speech
How Autism Affects Language
Children with ASD may show varied language profiles:
- Some children develop language on time but struggle with pragmatics (using language socially)
- Some children are late talkers or minimally verbal
- Echolalia (repeating phrases heard previously) is common and can be a functional communication tool
- Literal interpretation of language is common — idioms and sarcasm may be confusing
Speech Therapy Makes a Difference
Early and intensive speech-language therapy can significantly improve communication outcomes. DACAC's certified speech-language pathologists use naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions (NDBIs) — approaches that embed language learning into play and daily routines — alongside more structured techniques, ensuring children are motivated and engaged throughout therapy.
Written by
Abdul Hay
DACAC Content Team